Paratuberculosis caused byMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) is a progressive, chronic and noncurable granulomatous enteritis. Paratuberculosis affects ruminants worldwide. The earliest reports on paratuberculosis in Iran date back to 1960’s when the disease was diagnosed in imported animals of the Abadan Oil Company’s farm. In the work presented here 13 field MAP isolates including 4 ovine and 3 caprine isolates from Isfahan, 6 bovine isolates from Zanjan and Alborz provinces plus 2 vaccinal strains of 316F and III & V were subjected to PCR-IS900, PCR-F57 for identification and also PCR-Collins for typing. In consequence, while an identical PCR protocol was successfully developed to simultaneously perform all the three experiments, the 15 tested bacteria were all shown to be MAP TYPE II (cattle TYPE). In epidemiological sense, when the size of national goat, sheep and cattle herds of Iran is taken into account, circulation of MAP TYPE II is intriguing.

Introduction: Tyrosinemia is a congenital metabolic disease in which the breakdown of the amino acid tyrosine is reduced and its amount is increased in the body. Tyrosine metabolites can involve specific organs that according to the clinical manifestations there are three TYPEs of this disease. Case: This article reports TYPE 1 tyrosinemia in a 2-year-old child who complained of urinary problem and restlessness. Despite the absence of pathological findings in fetal ultrasound screening, imaging findings indicate involvement of both kidneys. Conclusions: It is a rare, inherited and metabolic disease that despite the challenges of diagnosis has simple cure.

he east Sanadaj-Galali plutons of the northern Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone, Zagros Orogeny, are composite, polyphase bodies that generated during subduction ofNeotethys beneath the Eurasian plate. A-TYPE magmatism in this area presents by Alkaline, high K, ferroan leucogranites. Despite having mineralogical and isotopic similarities, these leucogranites show a clear division, based on the geochemical and SHRIMP zircon crystal dating results. Qalaylan leucogranite with the crystallization age of 159 ± 3Ma is Al-TYPE. Other leucogranites are A2-TYPE and crystalized about 20 million years later (140-149 Ma). In fact, mantle derived mafic magma, as heat source, caused partial melting of heterogeneous pre­ fertilized Sanadaj-Sirjan basement and creates Qalaylan leucogranites. Younger leucogranites are A2-TYPE and present different evolution path. These rocks generate in a post collisional setting as a result of partial melting of heterogeneous pre-fertilized Sanadaj-Sirjan basement, about 20 Ma later. In post collisional setting, asthenosphere upwelling do to the slab roll back or slab steepening could be a heat source of crust melting and generates the younger leucogranites.

Improved dental stone has been widely used for producing dies for the fabrication of restorations with the lost-wax technique. Improved dental stone is used for several reasons, most often because of its resonable cost, ease of the use, and ability to produce consistent results. The purpose this study was to compare the dimensional accuracy of dies made three TYPE IV die stones. A metal master model, containing 2 complete crown fixed partial partial denture (FPD) abutment preparations, was fabricated. Three die stones were compared Ultra rock, SH074 and Begostone. Ten master casts were fabricated for each die material from a master metal model using conventional prosthodontics laboratory techniques. A mean measurement and percent relative change for each dimension was calculated.One-way ANOVA revealed that significant differences existed among the materials. Tukeys multiple comparisons testing ranked the dies as follows: from largest to smallest; SH074, Ultrarock, Begostone, Maste model.Begostone die material had the least mean dimensional change from the master model.

Improved dental stone has been widely used for producing dies for the fabrication of restorations with the lost-wax technique. Improved dental stone is used for several reasons, most often because of its reasonable cost, ease of the use, and ability to produce consistent results. The purpose this study was to compare the dimensional accuracy of dies made three TYPE IV die stones. A metal master model, containing 2 complete crown fixed partial denture (FPD) abutment preparations, was fabricated. Three die stones were compared Ultra rock, SH074 and Begostone. Ten master casts were fabricated for each die material from a master metal model using conventional prosthodontics laboratory techniques. A mean measurement and percent relative change for each dimension was calculated. One-way ANOVA revealed that significant differences existed among the materials. Tukey's multiple comparisons testing ranked the dies as follows: from largest to smallest; SH074, Ultrarock, Begostone, Maste model. Begostone die material had the least mean dimensional change from the master model.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for the treatment of TYPE 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in zone I. Methods: Preterm infants with TYPE 1 ROP in zone I (zone I ROP, any stage with plus disease or zone I ROP, stage 3 without plus disease) were enrolled in this prospective study. Intravitreal bevacizumab (0. 625 mg/0. 025 ml) was injected under topical anesthesia. The patients were followed-up weekly for 4 weeks and, then, biweekly till 90 weeks gestational age. Results: Seventy eyes of 35 patients with TYPE 1 ROP in zone I were enrolled. At a gestational age of 90 weeks, ROP regressed with complete or near􀀀 complete peripheral retinal vascularization, in 82. 9% of eyes after a single injection and in 92. 9% of eyes after up to two injections. In 5 eyes (7. 1%), ROP progressed to stage 4B or 5, so that surgical management was required. There were no major complications such as endophthalmitis, cataract, or vitreous hemorrhage after injection. Conclusion: Intravitreal bevacizumab injection is an effective method for the management of patients with Zone I ROP requiring treatment; however, some cases may progress to more advanced stages and require surgical management. Close monitoring for recurrence or progression is necessary. Eyes with persistent zone I ROP may progress to advanced stages when treated with intravitreal bevacizumab injection and re􀀀 treatment may be needed.

Background and Aim: Diametral tensile strength is a property of brittle restorative materials and cements like glass ionomers. Being an adequate and standard amount of this characteristic is necessary for obtaining clinically acceptable results in their use . According to the lack of reports about S.D.S glass ionomer cement that recently has been introduced to Iranian market, this study was conducted with the aim of comparing of the diametral tensile strength (D.T.S) of Fuji TYPE II and restorative S.D.S glass ionomer cements in different periods of time. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on 20 disk shaped specimens of each cement; they were prepared according to ANSI / ADA 66 specification (9 mm diameter and 4/5 mm length).The ratios of powder to liquid meticulously followed manufacturers recommendations for use. All specimens were holded in an incubator at 37±1oc and 95±5% relative humidity prior to testing . each group of cements were tested in two periods of time after the beginning of mixing (15minute and 24hours) in a universal testing machine (Zwick Roell- Germany Z020) at a crosshead speed of 0/5 mm/min. The test results were analyzed by One-Sample Kolmogorov- Smirnov Test and T-Test. Results: Mean values of diametral tensile strength of FT II in 15minute and 24hours, were 5/67 MPa and 6/98 MPa and for restorative S.D.S cement were 4/54 MPa and 6/61 MPa respectively. Conclusion: Statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between diametral tensile strength of these two cements at 15 minute and 24 hours, but D.T.S had an increase during time which was statistically significant in both cements.